Institute for World Order Records

The earliest direct predecessor of the Institute for World Order incorporated in Washington, D.C., November 17, 1948, as a nonprofit, educational association governed by a board of directors. Known as the Association for Education in World Government, the organization listed among its purposes the collection, study and analysis of "information and facts relating to international organization and international law" and the exploration and study of "proposed methods of achieving world government through the United Nations or otherwise." The association underwent a change in name twice during the 1950's, becoming the Association for Education in International Government in 1952 and the Institute for International Order in 1954. In 1959 the principal officers of the organization were the president, vice president, treasurer, assistant treasurer, and secretary.

World Law Fund

In July of 1961 the Fund for Education for World Peace through World Law began under the sponsorship of the Institute for International Order. Inspired by Grenville Clark, co-author of World Peace Through World Law, the Fund was designed as l1a world education program on the inadequacies... of the present international system and the necessity for world authority structures to deal with the world's most critical problems." To govern the Fund a separate Managing Committee was established, several members of which also sat on the board of directors of the Institute for International Order. Funding for the new organization derived primarily from independent fundraising and not from the Institute. In 1963 the name of the Fund was shortened to the World Law Fund. Overseeing the Fund's activities throughout its existence was Harry B. Hollins', Chairman of the Fund's. Managing Committee and a vice president of the Institute for International Order.

University Program

In 1962 a study commissioned' by the World Law Fund revealed that virtually no courses on the subject of world' peace problems were then being offered in American colleges and universities. This finding led to the establishment of the Fund's University Program, the director of which reported to the Chairman of the Managing Committee. A primary function of the University Program was the development of educational "materials useful for teaching world order studies." Later, in 1972, the director of the University Program was also charged with encouraging the establishment of world order studies centers in American universities. Eventually several centers were established, including seven which received grants from the Institute. Following administrative restructuring in, 1972, the University Program became a part of the Institute for World Order, with the program's director reporting to the president of the Institute. In 1976 the name of the University Program was changed briefly to the Transnational University Program before becoming the Transnational Academic Program later the same year"

School Program

The Secondary School Program of the World Law Fund began in 1963 when the Fund co-sponsored a series of seminars at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. In December of 1963 a separate director was hired to administer the School Program. She reported to the Chairman of the Funds Managing Committee. During its fourteen year, existence, the School Program developed curriculum materials for use in junior and senior high schools, held seminars to acquaint teachers with world order studies, and published a newsletter entitled Ways and Means. Additionally, the program's director actively participated in workshops and professional meetings in the fields of secondary education and curriculum development. Following the reorganization of the Institute for International Order in 1972, the School Program became a part of the Institute for World Order, with the program's director reporting to the president of the Institute. In 1977 the School Program was closed out and its director retained as the Institute's Teaching and Curriculum Consultant.

World Order Models Project

A third program of the World Law Fund was the World Program which sponsored its first overseas conference in New Delhi, India, in 1964. Three years later the World Program evolved into phase I of the World Order Models Project under a director who reported to the Chairman of the Fund's Managing Committee. In 1972, following administrative restructuring within the Institute for International Order, the World Order Models Project became a part of the Institute for World Order, with its director reporting to the president of the Institute.

Phase I of the World Order Models Project assembled eight teams of scholars from different parts of the world. From the perspective of its own area, each team developed an alternative model of world order capable of realizing peace, social justice, economic well-being and ecological balance." To review the efforts of the research teams, a separate Sponsoring and Policy Review Committee was established in each geographical area. During the project's first five years a series of seven conferences was held to bring together the research directors of each team. The outcome of this initial phase of the World Order Models Project was a collection of six books in the series Preferred Worlds of the 1990s.

During phase II of the World Order Models Project (WOMP) the number of participating scholars increased and work began toward the evolution of a consensus model of world order. Building upon their experiences in phase I of the World Order Models Project, the participating scholars launched Alternatives: A Journal of World Policy under WOMP sponsorship in 1975. Two years later a series of WOMP Occasional Papers was inaugurated. In addition, during phase II of the World Order Models Project three separate task forces were established to address topics of global concern: the Task Force on Security, Disarmament, and Human Rights, the Task Force on Science and Technology, and the Task Force on Global Culture.

Directing the World Order Models Project since its inception has been Saul H. Mendlovitz. a professor of law at Rutgers University. Sharing the directorship with Mendlovitz since approximately 1977 has been Rajni Kothari. Director of the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies in Delhi, India. By 1978 the sponsoring organizations of the World Order Models Project had expanded to include not only the Institute for World Order, but also the World Order Models Project at the University of Tokyo, the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, Delhi, India, and Synergic Developments, associated with Fundacion Bariloche. Argentina.

Grants Committee

In 1964 a Grants Committee was established within the Institute for International Order using funds contributed by Earl D. Osborn, the Institute's president. Funds awarded by the Grants Committee were intended as seed money for projects relating to peace education and research. Members of the Grants Committee included several of the Institute's directors, as well as several non-board members. In addition, for much of its existence the Grants Committee had its own administrator who reported to the committee.

Although the Chairman of the Grants Committee reported to the Institute's board of directors, the Grants Committee acted independently of the board, except for grants exceeding $2,500 (later $10,000). The president of the Institute, in his capacity as an ex-officio member of the Grants Committee, possessed the authority to ask that any grant potentially detrimental to the Institute be referred to the board of directors. At different times both the World Law Fund and, after 1972. the Institute for World Order received awards from the Grants Committee. By 1975, however, an agreement was reached that grants to Institute projects would not exceed 20% of the Grants Committee's budget in anyone year. The Grants Committee dissolved in 1978 following the distribution of over two million dollars during its fourteen year history.

Americans Talk Peacekeeping

In 1971 the Grants Committee. with~he approval of the Institute's board of directors, inaugurated a two year public education project to publicize the peacekeeping potential of the United Nations. Initially titled American FamilyPeace Talks, the program was actually conducted under the name of Americans Talk Peacekeeping CATP). Administering the project was a director under a policy committee which reported to the Institute's board of directors. After May of 1972 the policy committee reported to the Institute's Executive Committee. Serving on the ATP Policy Committee were several members of the Grants. Committee, including the project director, Elizabeth C. Little.

The Instituters part of Americans Talk Peacekeeping included the creation and distribution of several pamphlets and brochures which were promoted through a mass media campaign using public service announcements. In conjunction with, the project, a series of workshops was held in targeted cities nationwide using materials prepared by the Institute. Coordinating the workshops was. the United Nations Association of the USA which received an award for this purpose from the Institute's Grants Committee.

Administrative Restructuring

In October of 1970 the board of directors of the :Institute for International Order appointed a committee to examine the administrative relationship between the Institute, the Grants Committee, the World Law Fund, and the World Order Models Project. Actual administrative restructuring began in October, 1971, when the board created the position of Chairman of the Board. At the same time Harry B. Hollins, Chairman of the Managing Committee of the World Law Fund, was elected president of the Institute. In addition, an ad hoc nominating committee was established to identify additional persons to be invited to join an expanded board of directors. The following May the Managing Committee of the World Law Fund was dissolved, but the name "World Law Fund" was kept for its programs pending the adoption of a new name for the Institute for International Order. Also in Mayan Executive Committee of the Instituters board of directors was established to act on behalf of the board between meetings and to perform the functions of a nominating committee. In December 1912, the board of directors changed the name of the Institute to the Institute for World Order;" the name "World Law Fund" was dropped.

Public Relations

Also in December, 1972, the Institute's board of directors authorized the establishment of a Public Relations program. This program lasted throughout 1973 and was administered by a director who reported to the president of the Institute. As a successor to the Public Relations program, the Institute initiated a Public Information program in 1974 which lasted until 1976. Beginning in 1978 the public relations function was assumed by the newly created Public Education and Public Affairs program. One project administered by the Public Education and Public Affairs program was the Wallach Awards Competition held in 1980.. Awarded in the competition was approximately $20,000 in prize money for published and unpublished essays on the advantages of an enduring peace system." At a later date the Institute also added a separate Media Relations program. Each of these Institute programs was administered by a director who reported to the president of the Institute.

Public Education (1974-1917)

In 1974 the Institute for World Order undertook two pilot programs preparatory to launching a major public education project. The first pilot program, authorized by the board of directors in October of 1973, was the Leadership Seminars Program. This program was designed to orient leaders in the fields of business, law, labor, religion, and communications to a world order values perspective. The first of the Leadership Seminars was held in June, 1974, and was co-sponsored by Kettering Foundation.

The second pilot program conducted by the Institute in 1974 was the Community Action Program. By hiring field representatives to work with local chapters of citizens' groups, the program aimed to "connect people's local concerns and needs to global problems, thereby showing them how world order issues touch them and (how) they can influence system change." This program soon became known as the Reassessing of American Values program (RAV). In September, 1974, the Institute's board of directors approved the spin-off of RAV into a separate, non-profit organization.

Building on the two pilot programs, the Institute's Public Education on Global Issues project (PEGI) began in May of 1976. Administering the project was a director who reported to the president of the Institute. In addition, an advisory committee was established to provide advice for the undertaking. The global issues identified to receive the project's primary emphasis were disarmament, human rights, food, and the new international economic order. Although intended as a five year effort, budgetary considerations contributed to the program being phased our after one year. During the last six months of PEGI ten seminars were held under Institute sponsorship.

Action Center

In the fall of 1976 the Food Action Center of Washington, D.C., changed its institutional affiliation from the National Student Association Foundation to the Institute for World Order. Under this arrangement the Action Center, as it became known, listed itself as "a Project of the Institute for World Order" and its staff members became employees of the Institute. Although the director of the Action Center reported to Institute personnel. the Action Center continued to conduct its programming and fundraising independently of the Institute. The purpose of the Action Center was "to involve American young people in social justice work on global and local hunger issues." Included among its programs were a series of workshops, an internship program,' and the publication of informational literature. In October of 1978 the Action Center again changed its institutional affiliation. becoming a project of the Children's Foundation. Two months later the Action Center closed permanently.

Operation Turning Point: End the Arms Race

To coincide with the United Nations' first Special Session on Dis-armament in 1978, the Institute for World Order undertook Operation Turning Point: End the Arms Race using funds contributed by Earl D. Osborn. This project was conceived as "a nationwide educational campaign disigned to focus public attention upon the issues coming before the UN Special Session and to suggest possible alternatives to the arms race." Directing the project was Elizabeth C. Little who had previously administered the Institute's Americans Talk Peacekeeping project. In her capacity as project director, Mrs. Little reported to the president of the Institute.

Operation Turning Point: End the Arms Race (OTP) consisted of a series of activities relating to disarmament. For example. the project created a series of pamphlets, brochures and slide/tape presentations which were promoted through a national media campaign.' Building on this informational base. an OTP field representative worked with coalition groups around the United States "informing them of materials availab1e and what citizen groups can do to promote disarmament." Another part of Operation Turning Point was the distribution of $100,000 in grant money for projects relating to disarmament by a Disarmament Grants Committee."Priority consideration was given to organizations not traditionally in the "peace field, and to programs designed for community, rather than academic, audiences." The Institute also sponsored several conferences relating to disarmament as part of the project, including a conference in New Delhi, India.

Grenville Clark Project on Disarmament

Coinciding with Operation Turning: End the Arms Race was another disarmament project of the Institute. Known officially as the Grenville Clark project on Disarmament, it commemorated the tenth anniversary of the death of Grenville Clark. The project consisted of the creation, distribution, and promotion of a position paper outlining "the political steps, attitudinal changes and innovations required to abolish the war system.1I Directing the project was Robert C. Johansen, an Institute staff member. Assisting Johansen was a four member advisory committee which commented on various drafts of the position paper which was entitled "Toward a Dependable Peace: A Proposal for an Appropriate Security System." Initial funding for the Grenville Clark Project on Disarmament came from a $50,000 contribution from the budget of Operation Turning Point: End the Arms Race.

Network to Educate for World Security

The most recent public education project of the Institute for World Order is the Network to Educate for World Security project. Begun circa 1981, this project is administered by a director reporting to the president of the Institute.

1948

In November the Association for Education in World Government incorporates in Washington, D.C.

1955

Earl D. Osborn assumes the presidency of the organization, now known as the Institute for International Order.

1961

Under the sponsorship of the Institute, the Fund for Education Concerning World Peace Through World Law begins in July with Headquarters in New York City. Named as Chairman of the Fund's Managing Committee is Harry B. Hollins.

1962

The publication program of the Fund for Education Concerning World Peace Through World Law begins with the publication of a book of readings on the subject of world order.

1963

The Fund. now known as the World Law Fund. inaugurates its (Secondary) School Program by co-sponsoring a series of seminars at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Other W.L.F. programs include the University Program and the World Program.

1964

In November the Institute for International Order establishes a Grants Committee using funds donated by Earl D. Osborn.

1967

Under the auspices of the World Law Fund, the World Order Models Project begins with Saul H. Mendlovitz, professor of law at Rutgers University, as director.,

1968

The World Order Models Project holds its first Conference of the Research Directors in New Delhi, India. Directing the North American W.O.M.P. team is Richard A. Falk, professor of political science at Princeton University.

1970

The Institute's board of directors appoints a committee to study the restructuring of the administrative relationship between the Institute for International Order, the World Law Fund, the Grants Committee, and the World Order Models Project.

1971

Americans Talk Peacekeeping, a two year public education project, begins under Institute sponsorship. In November Harry B. Hollins succeeds Earl D. Osborn as 1.1.0. President and Robert H. Knight assumes the newly created office of Chairman of the Board.

1972

In May the Executive Committee of the 1.1.0. board of directors is formed with Harry B. Hollins as chairman. In December the board votes to change the name of the Institute to the Institute for World Order; the name "World Law Fund" is dropped.

1973

The first phase of the World Order Models Project nears compeltion with the meeting of the eighth Conference of the Research Directors in Northfield, Massachusetts. In December the Hon. C. Douglas Dillon becomes chairman of the Institute's board of directors.

1974

In June Saul H. Mendlovitz assumes the I.W.O. presidency, succeeding Franklin W. Wallin who served one year. At the October board meeting James W. Rouse is elected Chairman of the Board to succeed C. Douglas Dillon, who becomes Honorary Chairman.

1975

The first issue of Alternatives: Journal of World Policy is published under the sponsorship of the World Order Models Project.

1976

The Institute launches a Public Education on Global Issues project which terminates after one year. Late in the year the Food Action Center in Washington, D.C., affiliates with the I.W.O.

1977

In March the Institute's School Program is closed out after four-teen years. During the year the I.W.O. inaugurates two projects, Operation Turning Point: End the Arms Race and the Grenville Clark Project on Disarmament. In November Robert C. Johansen is elected to succeed Saul H. Mendlovitz as I.W.O. President.

1978

In May the I.W.O. inaugurates a Public Education and Public Affairs program. In October the Institute's Grants Committee Phases out its operation after distributing over $2,000,000 during a fourteen year period. In December the Action Center closes two months after severing its connection with the I.W.O.

1961-1972

Harry B. Hollins

1971-1973

Robert H. Knight

1973-1974

C. Douglas Dillon

1974-

James W. Rouse

1971-1973, 1974-1979(?)

C. Douglas Dillon

1972-

Harry B. Hollins

1955-1971

Earl D. Osborn

1971-1973

Harry B. Hoilins

1973-1974

Franklin W. Wallin

1974-1977

Saul H. Mendlovitz

1978-

Robert C. Johansen

1971-

Earl D. Osborn